HISHAM B. AL-HAKAM biography in The Encyclopaedia of Islam – Vol 3

Journal of Shi’a Islamic Studies

The Succession to Muhammad is a book by Wilferd Madelung published by the Cambridge University Press in 1997. Madelung investigates the events after the death of Muhammad, where there was a battle to see who would control the Muslim community. This struggle resulted in the difference between Sunnite and Shi’ite Islam over authority (spiritual and…