HE' 1HJF'G 9F 'D('B1 9DJG 'D3D'E : B'D : %FQ F(J 'DDG B'D : %FQ 9F JEJF 'D914 1,'D'K H,HGGE EF FH1  9DJGE +J'( EF FH1  E' GE (F(JQ@JF HD'4G/'!  J:(7GE 'DF(JQHF H'D4G/'!. BJD : EF GE  B'D : #OHD&C #4J'9F' H#F* %E'EGE J' 9DJQ (1) .

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

HB@/ H1/ A@J *A3@J1 BHD@G *9@'D@I : (HDDG ,F@H/ 'D3E'H'* H'D#16) (4) #FQGE : 'D01QJQ) (5) .

____________

(1) H1/ ('.*D'A J3J1 AJ #DA'8G AJ : B1( 'D'P3F'/ : 61 - 193 9F #(J 9(@/ 'DDG 'D5'/B 9DJG 'D3D'E  'D#E'DJ @ DD4J. 'D5/HB @ : 315 - 368 9F #F3 (F E'DC  1H6) 'DH'98JF : 296  E4C') 'D#FH'1 : 152 - 368.

(2) AJ 'DE.7H7) : H'D'PJE'F  HE' #+(*F'G EF 'DE5'/1.

(3) 'DEF'B( @ DDE:'2DJ @ : 296 - 339  'D9E/) @ D'(F 'D(71JB @ : 371 - 730.

(4) 3H1) 'DA*- 48 : 4 H7.

(5) DE F9+1 9DI GC0' *A3J1  HDCF '(F -@E2) AJ C*'(G 'D+'B( AJ 'DEF'B( : 34 9F/ 0C1G "J) 'DE('GD) B'D : AF(QG 9DI #FQGE GE 'D01QJQ) H'D5AH) H ... %DI ".1G.

(390)

HE' 1HJ@F'G 9@F ,'(@1 (F 9(@/ 'DDG 'D#F5@'1J 16I 'DDG 9FG : B'D : CFQ' ,@DH3'K 9@F/ 13@HD 'DDG 5DQI 'DDG 9@DJG [ H"DG ] H3@DQE %0 #B(D 9DJQ (F #(@J 7'D( 9DJG 'D3D'E  ADEQ' F81 %DJG 13@HD 'DDG 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE B'D : G0' #.J B/ #*'CE  +EQ 'D*A* %DI 'DC9() +EQ B'D : H1(Q G0' 'D(J* %FQ G0' H4J9*G 'DA'&2HF JHE 'DBJ'E) (1) .

HE' 1HJF'G 9F %(1'GJE (F 9(@/ 'DDG (F 'D-3F (F 'D-3F 9DJG 'D3D'E #FQG B'D : DH F2D* 1'J) EF 'D3E'! DE *F5( %D'Q AJ 'D2J/J) (2) .

HB/ 1HI 0DC :J1G EF #&EQ*F' : 9F 'DF(JQ 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE.

HE' 1HJF'G 9F #EJ1 'DE$EFJF 9DJG 'D3D'E #FQG B'D : #D' CDQ 1'J) DJ3* DF' AGJ 6D'D) (3) .

HE' 1HJF'G 9F 'D-'CE  J1A9G %DI '(F 9(Q@'3 16I 'DDG 9FG : %FQ 13HD 'DDG 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE 1,9 EF 3A1 HGH E*:JQ1 'DDHF  A.7( .7()

____________

(1) *A3J1 A1'* 'DCHAJ : 585 - 754  4H'G/ 'D*F2JD 2 | 361 - 1139. HH1/ (*A'H* J3J1 AJ 'DDA8 AJ : 'D#E'DJ @ DD4J. 'D7H3J @ : 251 - 448  'DEF'B( @ DD.H'12EJ @ : 62  (4'1) 'DE57AI : 149 - 104  AB/ H1/ AJ G0G 'DE5'/1 : (AB'D 'DF(JQ 5DI 'DDG 9DJG H"DG : B/ #*'CE #.J  +EQ 'D*A* %DI 'DC9() A61(G' (J/G HB'D : H'D0J FA3 E-EQ@/ (J/G %FQ G0' H4J9*G GE 'DA'&2HF JHE 'DBJ'E) ... %DI ".1G).

(2) DE F,/ G0' 'D-/J+ -*QI AJ E5'/1 'D2J/J) 'DE*HAQ1) D/JF'.

(3) DE F,/ G0' 'D-/J+ AJ E' '3*B5JF'G EF E5'/1F'  (D 'DEH,H/ : CDQ 1'J)L *1A9 #H *.@1, B(D BJ'E 'DB'&E 9DJG 'D3D'E 5'-@(G' 7':H*  HG0' D' 9D'B) DG (BHD 'D'PE'E #EJ1 'DE$EFJF 9DJG 'D3D'E 'DE0CH1  C*'( 'D:J() @ DDF9E'FJ @ : 115 - 12 ( 5.

(391)

(DJ:) HG@H E*QCIN  +EQ B'D : #JQG' 'DF'3 ! %FQJ B/ .DQA* AJCE 'D+BDJF : C*'( 'DDG  H9*1*J H#O1HE*J  HDF JA*1B' -*QI J1/' 9DNJQ 'D-H6  #D' H#FQJ 'F*81GE'  #D' H%FQJ 3'&DCE JHE 'DBJ'E) AJ 0DC  #D' %FQG 3*1/ 9DNJQ JHE 'DBJ'E) +D'+ 1'J'* EF G0G 'D#OEQ) : 1'J) 3H/'!  A*BA  A#BHD : ENF #F*E  AJF3HF 0C1J HJBHDHF : F-F #GD 'D*H-J/ EF 'D91(.

A#BHD : #F' E-EQ@/ F(JQ 'D91( H'D9,E.

AJBHDHF : F-F EF #OEQ*C.

A#BHD : CJA .DQA*EHFJ AJ 9*1*J HC*'( 1(QJ 

AJBHDHF : #EQ' 'DC*'( A6JQ9F'  H#EQ' 9*1*C A-15F' 9DI #F F(J/GE.

A#OHDQJ H,GJ 9FGE  AJ5/1HF (1) 97'4'K B/ '3H/Q* H,HGGE.

+EQ *1/ 1'J) #O.1I #4@/Q 3H'/'K EF 'D#OHDI  A#BHD DGE : EF #F*E  AJBHDHF C'DBHD 'D#HQD : F-F EF #GD 'D*H-J/.

A%0' 0C1* '3EJ B'DH' : F-F EF #OEQ*C.

A#BHD : CJA .DQA*EHFJ AJ 'D+BDJF : C*'( 'DDG  H9*1*J 

AJBHDHF : #EQ' 'DC*'( A.'DAF'  H#EQ' 'D9*1) A.0DF'GE (2) HE2QBF'GE CDQ EE2QB.

A#BHD DGE : %DJCE 9FQJ. AJ5/1HF (3) 97'4'K E3H/Q) H,HGGE.

+EQ *1/ 9DNJQ 1'J) #O.1I *DE9 FH1'K  A#BHD DGE : EF #F*E 

____________

(1) AJ 'DE.7H7) : AJ5/QHF  HE' #+(*F'G EF 'DE5'/1  HGH 'D5-J-.

(2) AJ 'DE.7H7) : A.0DF'  HE' #+(*F'G EF 'DE5'/1  HGH 'D5-J-.

(3) AJ 'DE.7H7) : AJ5/QHF  HE' #+(*F'G EF 'DE5'/1  HGH 'D5-J-.

(392)

AJBHDHF : F-F #GD CDE) 'D*H-J/ H'D*BHI  F-F #OEQ) E-EQ@/  HF-F (BJQ) #GD 'D-BQ  -EDF' C*'( 1(QF' A#-DDF'G  #-DDF' -D'DG H-1QEF' -1'EG  H#,@(F' 01QJQ) E-EQ@/ 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE AF51F'GE AJ CDQ E'F51F' (G #FA3F'  HB'*DF' E9GE  HB*DF' EF F'H#GE.

A#BHD DGE : #(41H'  A#F' F(JQCE E-EQ@/  HDB/ CF*E CE' H5A*E. +EQ #3BGE AJ5/1HF 1H') (1) .

'DDQGEQ %FQJ #3#DC #F *-41F' AJ 2E1*GE  H*EFQ 9DJF' ('DCHF AJ ,ED*GE.

H1HJF' 9F 'DF(JQ 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE #FQG B'D : EF 31QG #F J,@H2 9DI 'D51'7 C'D1J- 'D9'5A  HJD, 'D,FQ) (:J1 -3'(  ADJ*HDQ HDJQJ HH5JQJ H5'-(J H.DJA*J 9DI #GDJ : 9DJQ (F #(J 7'D(  HEF 31QG (#D'Q J/.D 'D,FQ)) (2) ADJ*1C HD'J*G  AH92Q) 1(QJ H,D'DG %FQG D('( 'DDG 'D0J D' J$*I %D'Q EFG  H%FQG 'D5@1'7 'DE3*BJE  H%FQG 'D0J J3#D 'DDG 9F HD'J*G JHE 'DBJ'E) (3) .

AJ' #JQG' 'D7'D( 'DF,')! *#EQD @ #14/C 'DDG @ G0G 'D"+'1 'D9,J()  H'DA6'&D 'D:1J()  D9DQC EEQF HAI "D E-EQ@/ -BQGE  H3DQE DGE 3(BGE 

____________

(1) F3(G '(F FE' 'D-DQJ AJ E+J1 'D#-2'F : 19 @ 20 %DI 9(@/ 'DDG (F J-JI  HF3(G 'D3@JQ/ '(F 7'HH3 AJ 'DEDGHA 9DI B*DI 'D7AHA : 94 @ 96 %DI 1H') 'D-/J+  HDE J0C1 'D'3@E.

(2) AJ 'DE5'/1 : #F JD, 'DF'1.

(3) 'D#E'DJ @ DD4J. 'D5/HB @ : 363 - 447  4H'G/ 'D*F2JD 1 | 58 - 90  (4'1) 'DE57AI : 64 - 51.

(393)

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