#O9J0CE ('DDG #F *,E-@@H'

9F 9*1) 'D-BQ H#-2'(G' (1)

HEEQ' J$JQ@/ E' 0G(F' %DJG AJ G0G 'D,ED) :

E' 1HJF'G 9F #EJ1 'DE$EFJF 9DJG 'D3D'E #FQG B'D : B'D 13HD 'DDG 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE : 'A*1B* #OEQ) #.J EH3I 9DI %-/I H3(9JF A1B)  CDQG' AJ 'DG'HJ) %D'Q A1B) H'-/)  H'A*1B* #OEQ) #.J 9J3I 9DI '+FJF H3(9JF A1B)  CDQG' AJ 'DF'1 %D'Q A1B) H'-/)  H3*A*1B #OEQ*J 9DI +D'+ H3(9JF A1B)  CDQG' AJ 'DG'HJ) %D'Q A1B) H'-/). +EQ 'D*A* %DI 9DJQ 9DJG 'D3D'E AB'D : GE 4J9*C H#F* %E'EGE (2) .

____________

(1) 1',9 : 'D:/J1 5 | 660  HB/ F3( 'D9D'QE) 'D#EJFJ B/3 31G G0G 'D#(J'* %DI #-/ #&EQ) 'D2J/J) AJ 'D/J'1 'DJEFJ)  HDE F9+1 9DI B'&DG'.

(2) 'D8'G1 #FQG' DJ3* 1H'J) H'-/)  (D 1H'J*'F E*/'.D*'F  A'D5/1 J4J1 %DI 1H'J) H'D0JD %DI #O.1I.

'F81 'D5/1 AJ : 'D.5'D : 585 - 11 #(H'( 'D3(9JF AE' AHBG'  #O5HD 'DC'AJ 8 | 224 - 283 ..

H'F81 'D0JD AJ : 'DE-'3F 1 | 286 - 565  'D'P14'/ @ DDEAJ/ @ 1 | 42  'DEF'B( @ DDE:'2DJ @ : 293 - 335  1H6) 'DH'98JF : 297  *F(JG 'D:'ADJF : 127 @ 128 - 51  FG, 'D'PJE'F : 509.

(386)

HE' 1HJF'G 9F 'DB'6J 'D9'DE %3-'B (F #-E/ (F 9(@/ 'DH'1+ 1-E) 'DDG 9DJG EF C*'( 'D-(H) J1A9G 9F 'DF(JQ 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE #FQG B'D : EF B'D : D' %DG %D'Q 'DDG E.D5'K  ADG 'D,FQ) .

AB'D 9E1 (F 'D.7Q'( : .'5Q) #E 9'EQ) !

AB'D 13HD 'DDG 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE : (D GJ .'5Q) D9DJQ H#*('9G .

AB'D : J' 13HD 'DDG ! '/9 'DDG DF' #F J,9DF' EF #*('9G.

B'D DGE' : %F 3@1QCE' #F *CHF' EF #*('9G AD' *95J' #E1G (1) .

A%0' C'F C0DC AE' 8FQC (EF #.Q1G 9F E1*(*G H3FQ 'D*B/QE 9DJG H9DI 01QJQ*G %DI JHE 'DBJ'E) !

HE' 1HJF'G 9F #(J 01Q 1-E) 'DDG 9DJG : B'D : /.D* 9DI 13HD 'DDG 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE AJ E16G 'D0J *HAQJ AJG AH,/*G E:EIK 9DJG EDBIK AJ -,1 9DJQ (F #(J 7'D(  A,D3* -*QI #A'B EF :J(*G  AA*- 9JFJG %DJQ HB'D : J' #(' 01Q ! #JQE' 9(/ E$EF J5DQJ 1C9*JF AJ 8D'E 'DDJD DE J1/ (G' #-/'K %D'Q 'DDG /.D 'D,FQ) ...  %DI #F B'D @ (9/ CD'E -0AF'G @ : J'#(' 01Q ! A#2J/C  . BD* : F9E.

____________

(1) H1/ (*A'H* AJ 'D#DA'8 AJ : +H'( 'D#9E'D @ DD4J. 'D5/HB @ : 22  (4'1) 'DE57AI : 245  #9D'E 'D/JF @ DD/JDEJ @ : 357 - 19 98E) +H'( CDE) 'D*H-J/.

(387)

B'D : EF -41G 'DDG E-(Q'K DG0' @ H,9D J/G 9DI 5/1 9DJQ 9DJG 'D3D'E @ /.D 'D,FQ) (1) .

HE' 1HJF'G 9F 'DF(JQ 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE #FQG B'D : J' 9DJQ ! %FQ 'DDG B/ :A1 DC HD#GDC HD4J9*C (2)  HDE-(QJ 4J9*C  HDE-(QJ E-(QJ 4J9*C  A#(41 A%FQC 'D#F29 (3) 'D(7JF  EF2H9 EF 'D41C (7JF EF 'D9DE (4) .

HE' 1HJF'G 9F 'D('B1 E-EQ/ (F 9DJQ 9DJG 'D3D'E 9F "('&G : #FQ 13HD 'DDG 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE B'D D#5-'(G : .0H' (-,2) (5) G0' 'D#F29 @ J9FJ 9DJQ'K 9DJG 'D3D'E @ A%FQG 'D5/QJB 'D#C(1 H'DG'/J DEF '*Q(9G  HEF '9*5E (G #.0 (-(D 'DDG  HEF *1CG E1B EF /JF 'DDG  HEF *.DQA 9FG E-BG 'DDG  HEF *1C HD'J*G #6DQG 'DDG  HEF #.0 (HD'J*G G/'G 'DDG (6) .

HE' 1HJF'G 9F 'DF(JQ 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE #FQG B'D : E' #-(QF' #GD 'D(J* 1,D A2DQ* B/E A+(**G B/E -*QI JF,JG 'DDG JHE 'DBJ'E) (7) .

____________

(1) 9+1F' 9DI 0JD 'D-/J+ AB7 AJ *F(JG 'D:'ADJF : 197 - 96.

(2) AJ 'DE.7H7) : H4J9*C. HE' #+(*F'G EF 'DE5'/1.

(3) 'DF29 : 'F-3'1 EB/QE 491 'D1#3 9F ,'F(J 'D,(G)  1',9 : D3'F 'D91( 8 | 352.

(4) 9JHF #.('1 'D16' 7 2 | 47 - 182  'D#E'DJ @ DD4J. 'D7H3J @ : 293 - 570  (4'1) 'DE57AI : 285  'DEF'B( @ DD.H'12EJ @ : 209.

(5) 'D-O,R2) : EH69 4@/Q 'D'P2'1  H'-*N,N2N ('D'P2'1 %0' 4/QG 9DI H37G  A'3*9'1G DD'D*,'! H'D'9*5'E H'D*E3QC ('D4J! H'D*9DQB (G  1',9 D3'F 'D91( 5 | 332.

(6) H1/ (*B/QE H*#.Q1 AJ 'D#DA'8  CE' AJ C'ED 'D2J'1'* : 50 - 10 ( 14  HAJ *F(JG 'D:'ADJF : 100 - 34 H1/ (DA8 : .0H' (,1) G0' 'D#F29  B'D : H'D,1) E9F'G' : 'D0JD.

(7) /11 'D#-'/J+ 'DF(HJ) : 51  'D#-C'E AJ 'D-D'D H'D-1'E @ DD'PE'E 'DG'/J %DI 'D-BQ J-JI (F 'D-3JF @ 2 | 555  *F(JG 'D:'ADJF : 128 - 51  HAJ CF2 'D9EQ'D 11 | 621 - 33022 H1/ (G0' 'DDA8 : E' +(QN* 'DDG -(Q 9DJQ AJ BD( E$EFM A2DQ* (G B/EL %D'Q +(Q* 'DDG B/E'K JHE 'DBJ'E) 9DI 'D51'7 .

(388)

HE' 1HJF'G 9F 'D5'/B 9DJG 'D3D'E AJ BHDG *9'DI : ( AE' DF' EF 4'A9JF* HD' 5/JB -EJE) (1) : B'D : F2D* AJF' HAJ 4J9*F'  H0DC %FQ' F4A9 HJ4A9 4J9*F'  A%0' 1#I 0DC EF DJ3 EFGE B'D : (AE' DF' EF 4'A9JF * HD' 5/JB -EJE) (2) .

HE' 1HJF'G 9F 'D5'/B 9DJG 'D3D'E #J6'K  9F "('&G  9F 'DF(JQ 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE #FQG B'D : %FQ AJ 'D3E'! -13'K HGE 'DED'&C)  HAJ 'D#16 -13'K HGE 4J9*C J' 9DJQ (3)  HAJ (96 'D#.('1 : DF J(/QDH' HDF J:JQ1H' (4) .

HE' 1HJF'G 9F 'DF'51 DD-BQ 9DJG 'D3D'E (%3F'/G 9F 'DF(JQ 5DQI 'DDG 9DJG [ H"DG ] H3DQE : B'D : J/.D EF #OEQ*J 3(9HF #DA'K (:J1 -3'( .

B'D 9DJQ : EF GE J' 13HD 'DDG  .

B'D : GE 4J9*C H#F* %E'EGE (5) .

____________

(1) 3H1) 'D491'! 26 : 100 @ 101.

(2) *A3J1 A1'* 'DCHAJ : 298 - 402  41- 'D#.('1 3 | 452 - 1325  *F(JG 'D:'ADJF : 127 - 51  4H'G/ 'D*F2JD 1 | 418 - 578 @ 579.

(3) 41- 'D#.('1 3 | 456 - 1339  'DEF'B( @ DD.H'12EJ @ : 235  *F(JG 'D:'ADJF : 127 - 51.

(4) DE F,/G AJ 'DE5'/1 'DE*HAQ1) D/JF'.

(5) 'DEF'B( @ DDCHAJ @ 2 | 285 - 751  *F(JG 'D:'ADJF : 127 @ 128 - 151  'DEF'B( @ DD.H'12EJ @ : 235  E4C') 'D#FH'1 : 174 - 448. HH1/ (*A'H* J3J1 AJ 'D#DA'8 AJ : 'D'P14'/ @ DDEAJ/ @ 1 | 42  'D9E/) @ D'(F 'D(71JB @ : 371 - 729  'DA6'&D @ D'(F 4'0'F @ : 151  'D51'7 'DE3*BJE 1 | 280.

(389)

20 / 26
ع
En
A+
A-